Arnold joseph toynbee biography

British historian (–)

This article is about the universal historian Arnold Joseph Toynbee. For his uncle, the economic historian, see Arnold Toynbee (historian, born ).

Arnold Joseph ToynbeeCH FBA (; 14 April – 22 October ) was an English historian, a philosopher of history, an author of numerous books and a research professor of international history at the London School of Economics and King's College London.

From to , Toynbee was considered a leading specialist on international affairs;^[6] from to he was the Director of Studies at Chatham House,^[7] in which position he also produced 34 volumes of the Survey of International Affairs, a "bible" for international specialists in Britain.^[8][9]

He is best known for his volume A Study of History (–).

With his prodigious output of papers, articles, speeches and presentations, and numerous books translated into many languages, Toynbee was widely read and discussed